INTRODUCTION

1.2. Carbohydrates

 Carbohydrates are biomolecules, found abundantly in living organisms. 

They contain more than one hydroxyl group (-OH) In addition to aldehyde (COH) or ketone group (C=O). Thus, they form in to polyhydroxy aldoses or polyhydroxy ketoses. 

Carbohydrates can be classified inTo 

Monosaccharide : Mono is the smallest sugar unit. For example glucose

Disaccharide: is made up of two monosaccharides joined by glycosidic linkages. for example Sucrose

Polysaccharides: example is cellulose

Composition: carbohydrate molecule contain Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (1:2:1 ratio).

Functions:

•       Energy source (e.g., glucose in respiration).

•       Structural components (e.g., cellulose).

•       Energy storage (e.g., glycogen, starch).