Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland

1. Introduction to the Hypothalamus

1.3. Clinical Correlations


Condition

Lesion Site

Effect

Diabetes insipidus

Supraoptic/paraventricular nuclei or posterior pituitary

ADH deficiency → excessive urination, thirst

Obesity or anorexia

Ventromedial or lateral nuclei

Disturbances in feeding regulation

Sleep disorders

Suprachiasmatic nucleus

Disrupted circadian rhythm

Thermoregulatory failure

Anterior or posterior nuclei

Inability to regulate body temperature

Memory deficits (e.g., Wernicke–Korsakoff)

Mammillary bodies

Anterograde amnesia