Introduction to Networking

4. Ring Topology

In a ring topology, each device is connected to exactly two other devices, forming a circular path. Data flows in a single direction (unidirectional) or both directions (bidirectional). Data packets travel from device to device until they reach their destination. Each device connects to exactly two others, forming a closed loop (ring). Data travels in one direction (or both in dual-ring setups).

Characteristics:

1. Common in older networks like Token Ring.

2. Each device acts as a repeater to boost the signal.

Advantages: There are no data collisions because a single token (or similar mechanism) control who can send data at any given time. It offers predictable performance, even with heavy network traffic.

 Disadvantages: A single device or cable failure can break the entire ring, disrupting the network. Adding or removing devices requires temporarily shutting down the network