Networking Device and Protocols

1.1. What is a Hub?

A hub is a network device that connects multiple devices (e.g., computers, printers) in a LAN, acting as a central point for data transmission. It receives data from one device and broadcasts it to all other connected devices, regardless of the intended recipient. Hubs are simple, unintelligent devices that operate at the Physical layer (Layer 1) of the OSI model, dealing solely with electrical or optical signals.

Key Role: Facilitates basic connectivity by relaying signals to all ports, enabling devices to share a network.

Common Use Cases: Small LANs in homes, small offices, or educational settings (primarily in the 1990s–early 2000s).