Growing Interdependence Among Nations

2. Understanding Interdependence in International Relations

Interdependence in international relations refers to a situation in which states and societies are mutually dependent on one another for resources, markets, security, and well-being. According to Robert Keohane and Joseph Nye, interdependence is characterized by reciprocal effects among countries, where actions taken by one state have direct consequences for others.

Interdependence can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical interdependence occurs when states depend on each other to a similar degree, leading to more balanced relationships. Asymmetrical interdependence arises when one state is more dependent than the other, creating power imbalances that can be used as leverage in international negotiations. Thus, interdependence does not eliminate power politics but reshapes how power is exercised.