1. A programming language

1.1. Example:

10110000 01100001 → May represent “move the value 97 into a register”

1. Assembly Language

Uses mnemonic codes (e.g., MOV, ADD).

Easier than machine language but still low-level.

Requires an assembler to translate into machine code.

Example: MOV AL, 61h   ; move hexadecimal 61 into register AL

2. High-Level Languages

Human-readable (e.g., Python, Java, C++).

Easier to write and maintain.

Require a compiler or interpreter to execute.