3. Components of Database Management System (DBMS)

 A Database Management System (DBMS) includes four main parts: modeling language, data structure, database query language, and transaction mechanisms. We will look at these components in the subsequent units.

 Modeling Language

 The first component of a database management system is the implementation of a modeling language that serves to define the language of each database hosted via the DBMS. There are several approaches currently in use, with hierarchical, network, relational, and object examples. Essentially, the modeling language ensures the ability of the databases to communicate with the DBMS and thus operate on the system.

Data Structures

Data structures are administered by the database management system. Examples of data that are organised by this function are individual profiles or records, files, fields and their definitions, and objects such as visual media. Data structures enable DBMS to interact with the data without causing damage to the integrity of the data itself.

 Data Query Language

A third component of DBMS software is the data query language. This element is involved in maintaining the security of the database, by monitoring the use of login data, the assignment of access rights and privileges, and the definition of the criteria that must be employed to add data to the system. The data query language works with the data structures to make sure it is harder to input irrelevant data into any of the databases in use on the system.

 Transaction Mechanism

A database transaction mechanism ideally guarantees ACID properties in order to ensure data integrity despite concurrent user accesses (concurrency control), and faults (fault tolerance). It also maintains the integrity of the data in the database. The DBMS can maintain the integrity of the database by not allowing more than one user to update the same record at the same time. The DBMS can help prevent duplicate records via unique index constraints; for example, no two customers with the same customer numbers (key fields) can be entered into the database.