Mass Spectrometry (MS)

Introduction

Mass Spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique used to determine the mass-to-charge ratio (m/z) of molecules. It is widely used in proteomics, metabolomics, and drug analysis.

Steps in Mass Spectrometry Analysis

1 Ionization – Convert molecules into charged ions.
2 Mass Analyzer – Separate ions based on their m/z ratio.
3 Detection – Measure the abundance of ions.
4 Data Interpretation – Identify molecular structures and compositions.

Types of Mass Spectrometry Techniques

• Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI-MS) – Used in proteomics.
• Electrospray Ionization (ESI-MS) – Common in biological molecule analysis.
• Time-of-Flight (TOF-MS) – Measures ion velocity for high accuracy.
• Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MS/MS) – Used for protein sequencing and drug analysis.

Applications of Mass Spectrometry

Proteomics – Identify and quantify proteins.
Metabolomics – Analyze small metabolites in cells.
Pharmaceuticals – Drug testing and compound analysis.
Environmental Science – Detect pollutants and toxins.

Advantages of Mass Spectrometry

Highly sensitive and accurate.
Can analyze complex biological samples.

Limitations of Mass Spectrometry