Introduction to Networking
Computer networking is the practice of connecting multiple computing devices—such as PCs, servers, routers, and IoT gadgets—to facilitate communication and resource sharing over wired or wireless links Think of networks as digital road systems where nodes (devices) exchange data via links, following agreed-upon rules called protocols
2. Network Types
LAN, WAN, MAN, PAN
Networks are classified based on their geographical scope. Understanding these categories is crucial for designing and managing networks.
1. PAN (Personal Area Network): A network connecting devices within a very small area, typically for a single person. Examples include a Bluetooth connection between a smartphone and wireless headphones or a laptop and a wireless mouse.
2. LAN (Local Area Network): A network that connects devices within a limited geographical area, such as a home, school, or office building. Ethernet and Wi-Fi are the most common technologies used to build a LAN.
3. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network): A network that spans a larger area than a LAN, such as an entire city or a large campus. A MAN typically connects several LANs together.
4. WAN (Wide Area Network): A network that covers a broad area, spanning across cities, countries, or even continents. The internet is the most well-known example of a WAN.