Type 2 diabetes mellitus can often be prevented through simple but consistent lifestyle changes that help the body maintain proper blood sugar levels. In Northern Nigeria, one major factor contributing to diabetes is poor dietary habits.Many people depend heavily on starchy foods like tuwo, white rice, and bread while others also rely on sweets like iloka,tuwon madara,sugary tea(especially after meals or during social gatherings),while neglecting vegetables and whole grains. Reducing the intake of such refined carbohydrates and including more fiber-rich foods like millet (gero), beans, and vegetables can improve glucose control.
Physical activity is also important. Many people, especially in urban areas, lead carefree lifestyles. Incorporating regular exercise such as walking to the mosque, doing household chores, or engaging in community sports can help prevent weight gain and insulin resistance.
From an Islamic point of view,moderation in eating, as taught by the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him), plays a key role. He advised that one-third of the stomach be kept for food, one-third for water, and one-third for air. In my community, health workers have started organizing sensitization programs during Ramadan to educate people on healthy eating and the importance of maintaining a balanced lifestyle even while fasting. Such efforts are helping more people understand that prevention is indeed better than cure.
Reference:World Health Organization (WHO). (2023). Diabetes: Prevention and control.