Section outline

    • Fertilization, Pregnancy, and Birth Page
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      Mark as done

      This module explores the physiological processes that sustain human reproduction from fertilization to childbirth. It provides an integrated understanding of how male and female gametes unite to form a zygote, how the embryo implants and develops, and how maternal systems adapt to support fetal growth throughout pregnancy.

      Students will study the endocrine regulation of pregnancy, the placenta’s role in hormone production and nutrient exchange, and the mechanisms that trigger parturition and lactation. The topic also highlights key maternal physiological changes in the cardiovascular, respiratory, and metabolic systems during gestation, as well as the neuroendocrine control of labor and milk secretion.

      Through a combination of conceptual understanding and clinical correlation, this module connects fundamental physiology to obstetric practice, emphasizing maternal–fetal health and safe childbirth.


    • Lecture NOTES Book