Networking Technologies
Networking technologies encompass the tools, protocols, devices, and architectures that enable computers and devices to connect, communicate, and share resources across various distances and environments These technologies form the foundational infrastructure of the internet, enterprise systems, smart homes, and cloud service
6. Access Points in the TCP/IP and OSI Models
Link Layer: APs operate primarily at the Link layer, handling physical transmission (radio signals) and data link functions (e.g., framing, MAC addressing).
Example: Wi-Fi (802.11) for wireless transmission, ARP for address resolution.
Higher Layers: APs may interact indirectly with the Internet (e.g., forwarding IP packets) and Application layers (e.g., supporting DHCP or SNMP).
OSI Model:
Physical Layer (Layer 1): Manages radio signal transmission and hardware interfaces (e.g., antennas, Ethernet ports).
Data Link Layer (Layer 2): Handles framing, MAC addressing, and error detection for Wi-Fi communication.
Bridge Functionality: APs act as Layer 2 bridges, translating between 802.11 (Wi-Fi) and 802.3 (Ethernet) frames.