3. Natural Methods of Contraception

3.1 Fertility Awareness-Based Methods (FABMs)

  • Calendar (rhythm) method
  • Basal body temperature method
  • Cervical mucus (Billings) method
  • Symptothermal method

3.2 Lactational Amenorrhea Method (LAM)

  • Effective in the first 6 months postpartum if:
    • Exclusive breastfeeding
    • Amenorrhea persists
    • Frequent nursing day and night

3.3 Coitus Interruptus

  • Highly user-dependent
  • Least reliable due to pre-ejaculate sperm presence

3.4 Advantages & Limitations

  • No medical side effects, inexpensive
  • Lower effectiveness, requires discipline, abstinence during fertile window